Ch IPreliminary
S.1 Short title and commencementS.2 DefinitionsS.3 Application and scopeCh IIObligations of Data Fiduciary
S.4 Grounds for processingS.5 NoticeS.6 ConsentS.7 Certain legitimate usesS.8 Data Fiduciary obligationsS.9 Children’s dataS.10 Significant Data FiduciaryCh IIIRights and duties of Data Principal
S.11 Right to accessS.12 Correction and erasureS.13 Grievance redressalS.14 Right to nominateS.15 Duties of the Data PrincipalCh IVSpecial provisions
S.16 Transfer outside IndiaS.17 ExemptionsCh VData Protection Board of India
S.18 Establishment of the BoardS.19 Composition of the BoardS.20 Salary and term of officeS.21 DisqualificationsS.22 Resignation and vacanciesS.23 Proceedings of the BoardS.24 Officers and employeesS.25 Members as public servantsS.26 Powers of the ChairpersonCh VIBoard powers and procedure
S.27 Powers and functions of the BoardS.28 Procedure followed by the BoardCh VIIAppeal and dispute resolution
S.29 Appeal to the Appellate TribunalS.30 Tribunal orders as a decreeS.31 Alternate dispute resolutionS.32 Voluntary undertakingCh VIIIPenalties
S.33 Penalties and the ScheduleS.34 Penalties to Consolidated FundCh IXMiscellaneous
S.35 Good-faith protectionS.36 Power to call for informationS.37 Blocking of accessS.38 Consistency with other lawsS.39 Bar of jurisdictionS.40 Power to make rulesS.41 Laying of rules before ParliamentS.42 Power to amend the ScheduleS.43 Power to remove difficultiesS.44 Amendments to other ActsGenetic and genomic data is uniquely revealing and often processed by labs abroad, under ICMR guidelines and the DPDP Act.
In short
Genetic testing produces some of the most revealing personal data there is, frequently processed by offshore labs. ICMR biomedical and genetic-data guidelines apply alongside the DPDP Act harm-based, high-rigor approach. Explicit consent, strong security and careful cross-border handling are central. Penalties reach ₹250 crore.
What changes for this niche, and the specific rule it turns on.
Genetic data can reveal health, ancestry and family risk; treat it at the highest security bar under Section 8(5).
Consent must be specific about the test, its uses and any research or sharing; ICMR ethics apply.
Where sequencing happens abroad, the DPDP cross-border default permits it, but contract for security and watch for future restrictions.
Collect only what the test needs and de-identify for any secondary or research use.
Short, cite-able answers, mirrored in FAQPage schema.
Fix specific consent and offshore contracts first.
The readiness check flags consent, security and cross-border gaps.
Take the readiness check →Consultant-led and partner-backed.