Ch IPreliminary
S.1 Short title and commencementS.2 DefinitionsS.3 Application and scopeCh IIObligations of Data Fiduciary
S.4 Grounds for processingS.5 NoticeS.6 ConsentS.7 Certain legitimate usesS.8 Data Fiduciary obligationsS.9 Children’s dataS.10 Significant Data FiduciaryCh IIIRights and duties of Data Principal
S.11 Right to accessS.12 Correction and erasureS.13 Grievance redressalS.14 Right to nominateS.15 Duties of the Data PrincipalCh IVSpecial provisions
S.16 Transfer outside IndiaS.17 ExemptionsCh VData Protection Board of India
S.18 Establishment of the BoardS.19 Composition of the BoardS.20 Salary and term of officeS.21 DisqualificationsS.22 Resignation and vacanciesS.23 Proceedings of the BoardS.24 Officers and employeesS.25 Members as public servantsS.26 Powers of the ChairpersonCh VIBoard powers and procedure
S.27 Powers and functions of the BoardS.28 Procedure followed by the BoardCh VIIAppeal and dispute resolution
S.29 Appeal to the Appellate TribunalS.30 Tribunal orders as a decreeS.31 Alternate dispute resolutionS.32 Voluntary undertakingCh VIIIPenalties
S.33 Penalties and the ScheduleS.34 Penalties to Consolidated FundCh IXMiscellaneous
S.35 Good-faith protectionS.36 Power to call for informationS.37 Blocking of accessS.38 Consistency with other lawsS.39 Bar of jurisdictionS.40 Power to make rulesS.41 Laying of rules before ParliamentS.42 Power to amend the ScheduleS.43 Power to remove difficultiesS.44 Amendments to other ActsRecovery is where data-misuse and harassment risks peak, and where agents become your processors.
In short
Recovery is where data misuse and harassment risks peak. The Act makes recovery agents your processors, limits how borrower data is used, and gives borrowers rights, on top of RBI fair-practices rules. Penalties reach ₹250 crore.
What changes for this sub-sector.
In-house and outsourced recovery agents process borrower data on your behalf; their conduct is your liability.
Contact and location data may be used to recover a debt, not to pressure, shame or contact third parties.
No scraping contacts or call logs to trace borrowers; that breaches both the Act and RBI norms.
Borrowers can seek access, correction and erasure once a matter is closed.
Report data breaches to the Board; misuse in recovery invites both DPDP and RBI action.
Fix agent contracts and purpose limits first.
The readiness check surfaces agent-liability, purpose and minimization gaps.
Take the readiness check →Consultant-led and partner-backed.